Bending is a technology for cold plastic deformation of metal. It involves changing the shape of sheet metal by deforming it using a die and a movable punch. Bending enables the production of complex volumetric metal products.

Free cold working of the workpiece V-shaped is the most popular and common variant of metal bending. It is usually performed using a universal or specialized tool on a CNC hydraulic press brake. The die is usually located in the lower, fixed part of the press, and the punch is attached to the movable working beam of the machine. In this way, the movable punch exerts the required pressure on the processed sheet of material and, together with the stationary die, produces specific bends. In other words, the upper part of the workpiece is compressed under the action of the punch and die, while the lower part is pressed against the walls of the die mechanism and stretched, thus ensuring the required bending angle and radius. When bending plastic deformation the workpiece, the punch is placed on the inside of the bending corner and the die is placed on the outside of the bending corner.